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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Long non-coding RNA ： ウィキペディア英語版 Long non-coding RNA Long non-coding RNAs (long ncRNAs, lncRNA) are non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides.〔Perkel 2013〕 This somewhat arbitrary limit distinguishes long ncRNAs from small regulatory RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and other short RNAs.〔Ma 2013〕 ==Abundance of long ncRNAs== A recent study found only one-fifth of transcription across the human genome is associated with protein-coding genes,〔Kapranov 2007〕 indicating at least four times more long non-coding than coding RNA sequences. However, it is large-scale complementary DNA (cDNA) sequencing projects such as FANTOM (Functional Annotation of Mammalian cDNA) that reveal the complexity of this transcription.〔Carninci 2005〕 The FANTOM3 project identified ~35,000 non-coding transcripts from ~10,000 distinct loci that bear many signatures of mRNAs, including 5’ capping, splicing, and poly-adenylation, but have little or no open reading frame (ORF).〔Carninci 2005〕 While the abundance of long ncRNAs was unanticipated, this number, nevertheless, represents a conservative lower estimate, since it omitted many singleton transcripts and non-polyadenylated transcripts (tiling array data shows more than 40% of transcripts are non-polyadenylated).〔Cheng 2005〕 However, unambiguously identifying ncRNAs within these cDNA libraries is challenging, since it can be difficult to distinguish protein-coding transcripts from non-coding transcripts. It has been suggested through multiple studies that the brain and central nervous system express the greatest amount of long non-coding RNAs of any tissue type.〔Derrien 2012〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Long non-coding RNA」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.